Artificial Intelligence Term Paper

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Abstract

The field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) seeks to revolutionize the fundamentals of how computer systems work. In this piece of writing we have explored different disciplines of artificial intelligence; learning, reasoning, perception, problem solving and natural language processing. Within various disciplines, we have explained how artificial intelligence is implemented in real life applications using tools and concepts like neural networks, logic, search trees, classifiers, optimization and probability. We have also outlined the programming tools and languages used to develop the specified disciplines.

1. Table of Contents

1        Introduction        1

2        Tools/Methods used to develop AI        1

2.1        Searching        2

2.2        Knowledge Representation and Reasoning        3

2.3        Problem Solving        3

3        References        5

1. Introduction

Artificial intelligence (AI) simply introduces the concept of a simulation of human intelligence processes by an intelligent agent, a computerized autonomous entity that learns by acquisition of data and guidelines how to use the presented data, logically reasons by using the guidelines provided to reach definite conclusions, and then acts with a much higher success rate to achieve a specific goal than a human being. Since the main, long-term goal is achieving artificial general intelligence in an intelligent agent, AI is modelled from a human cognitive approach and current advances in the field are inspired by cognition and neural computation in humans (Hassabis, Kumaran, Summerfield, & Botvinick, 2017). AI currently encompasses a huge variety of subfields, ranging from the generalized learning, reasoning and perception to the specific, such as playing board games, proving mathematical theorems, writing, poetry, driving a car on a crowded street, and diagnosing diseases (Russell & Norvig, 2010).  

1. Tools/Methods used to develop AI

From the technical point of view, Artificial Intelligence is designed to solve problems and enhance our daily lives, and the methodology involved is the core to reaching its goals: reasoning, planning, learning, natural language processing, perception, motion and manipulation, social intelligence and creativity. Many algorithms for solving AI problems are based on search optimization (in simple terms intelligently searching through many possible solutions and extract the most suitable one) for instance:

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