Psychology Notes Psychiatric Disorders
Autor: howesley • February 28, 2016 • Course Note • 605 Words (3 Pages) • 791 Views
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Chapter 15: PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
Abnormality
- Statistical
- Violation of socially standards
- Maladaptivity
- Subjective abnormality or distress
- Biological injury or abnormality
Myths About Mental Illness
- Incurable
- Violent and dangerous
- Very different from normal people; bizarre behaviour
Historical Concepts
- Demonic Model
- Spirits, possession
- Medical Model
- Asylums
- Unscientific (blood letting)
- Moral Treatment
- Led to modern era
- Proposed treating people with dignity and respect
- Deinstitutionalization
- Closing asylums, letting people live with the public
- Problems of not taking medicine
DSM V
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Purposes
- Guide treatment choices
- Allow clinics to communicate
- Concrete diagnosis – insurance companies
- Permit research
Criticisms
- Places people in discontinuous categories
- There is a lot of overlap of symptoms
- Comorbidities (presence of additional disorders)
Mood Disorders
Major Depressive Episode
Must have 5 of 9 symptoms
- Either
- Depressed mood/irritable
- Anhedonia: Diminished pleasure from activities
- 4 or More
- Less eating
- Insomnia / hypersomnia
- Psychomotor agitation / retardation
- Fatigue
- Feelings of worthlessness
- Diminished ability to think and concentrate
- Recurring thoughts of death
Factors influencing depression
- Genetics
- Biological/neurochemical mechanisms
- Hormones, neurotransmitters
- Cognitive factors
- Interpersonal factors
- Stress
Who gets sick?
- Women more than men
Risks of Depression:
- Suicide
- Less physical activity
- More sicknesses
Seasonal Affective Disorder
(SAD)
- Form of depression that follows seasons
- Linked to Circadian Rhythm and Melatonin
- Treatment: Lamps, sleep, exercise
Bipolar
- One or more Manic Episodes
- Used to be called Manic Depression
Criteria For Manic Episode
- Distinct period of elevated and goal oriented mood for 1 week
- 3 or more
- Inflated self esteem
- Decreased need for sleep
- More talkative
- Many ideas; racing thoughts
- Easily distract
- Increase in goal directed activity
- Risky / potentially painful activities (eg. Gambling, spending spree)
Bipolar 1
At least one manic episode and one major depressive episode
Bipolar 2
At least one Hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode
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