Organizational Climate

Literature Review

Organization climate refers to meaningful interpretations of a work environment by the people in it. Work Climate is the prevailing workplace atmosphere as experienced by employees and climate captures what it feels like to work in a group. Organizational climate, defined as the way in which organizational members perceive and characterize their environment in an attitudinal and value-based manner (Denison, 1996; Moran and Volkwein, 1992), has been asserted as an important and influential aspect of satisfaction and retention, as well as institutional effectiveness and success in higher education. The organizational climate can be perceived as a factor in the center of circle including culture, ecology, individuals, organizing and social system which surround the organization and as an institution effected by them. Organizational climate serves as a measure of individual perceptions or feelings about an organization. Organizational climate includes management or leadership styles, participation in decision making, provision of challenging jobs to employees, reduction of boredom and frustration, provision of benefits, personnel policies, and provision of good working conditions and creation of suitable career ladder for academics. (Nicholson and Miljus, 1992). Organizational climate comprises of cognate sets of attitudes, values and practices that characterize the members of a particular organization. Xaba (1996) defined organizational climate as consciously perceived environmental factors subject to organizational control. Low (1997) coined the term climate to describe the attitudes, feelings and social process of organizations. According to him, climate in this view falls into three major and well-known categories: autocratic, democratic, and laissez...